Pediatric primary health care is essential to the health and development of all children. However, previous researchers have noted recurring inequities that negatively influence the health and long-term well-being of minority adolescents. This finding from pre-existing research prompted the focus of this study to examine the prevalence and impact of cultural disparities and racism in pediatric care by synthesizing research on pediatric healthcare, healthcare providers’ practices and perspectives, and cultural competency and humility. Across the literature, three major themes emerge: language and literacy barriers, cultural influences, and experiences of racism and discrimination within healthcare. While many researchers have focused on cultural competency programs to equip providers with the knowledge and skills to reduce cultural disparities, they fail to address a provider’s intrapersonal biases, beliefs, and assumptions. These findings suggest the harmful effects of cultural barriers in pediatric care, highlighting the need for future interventions that improve patient-provider relationships, address language barriers, and promote education and cultural understanding among healthcare providers.